同福

鬼谷子叔叔
2021-05-25 15:12:51 48

使用Dockerfile基于9.0-jdk16-openjdk-buster镜像搭建Tomcat微服务环境【20210525】

介绍

介绍

大家根福哥学会了使用Dockerfile创建Docker镜像的技巧了，那么我们现在搭建服务器环境就不需要再去下载软件的源代码了，也不需要编译安装了，更加不用操心软件和操作系统的各种兼容问题了。

今天福哥带着大家来安装tomcat的环境，基于微服务思维一个Docker里面只安装最基本的软件即可，Tomcat是非常流行的免费Java解决方案，福哥最后选择的是就tomcat:9.0-jdk16-openjdk-buster这个镜像作为基础镜像了。

镜像

tag

Tomcat 9.0的tag有很多，福哥选择的是tomcat:9.0-jdk16-openjdk-buster版本，这个版本是基于debian操作系统的。home/topic/2021/0525/15/8039e99098cc969e2a9b9700fa07f060.png

结构

照例我们先把镜像拉取下来，然后启动一个容器，看看里面都有什么，弄明白了自己才好捣鼓啊！

拉取镜像

docker pull tomcat:9.0-jdk16-openjdk-buster

启动临时容器

docker run -tid --name tomcat9.0 -h tomcat9.0 tomcat:9.0-jdk16-openjdk-buster

切入临时容器

docker exec -ti tomcat9.0 /bin/bash

查看结构

java结构。

root@tomcat9:/usr/local/tomcat# find / -iname "*java*"
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/jsp/applet/Clock2.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ExampleTagBase.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/LogTag.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/FooTag.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/FooTagExtraInfo.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ValuesTag.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/colors/ColorGameBean.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/el/Functions.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/ValuesBean.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/TileSimpleTag.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/ShuffleSimpleTag.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/EchoAttributesTag.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/HelloWorldSimpleTag.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/FindBookSimpleTag.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/RepeatSimpleTag.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/BookBean.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/FooBean.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/trailers/ResponseTrailers.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestHeaderExample.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/SessionExample.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/HelloWorldExample.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/checkbox/CheckTest.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/http2/SimpleImagePush.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/dates/JspCalendar.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestInfoExample.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestParamExample.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/filters/ExampleFilter.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/nonblocking/ByteCounter.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/nonblocking/NumberWriter.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/sessions/DummyCart.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/SessionListener.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/ContextListener.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/error/Smart.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/Entries.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/TableBean.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/Entry.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/JspCalendar.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/num/NumberGuessBean.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/util/HTMLFilter.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/util/CookieFilter.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionFilter.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionServletResponseWrapper.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionFilterTestServlet.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionResponseStream.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/validators/DebugValidator.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/CookieExample.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Stockticker.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async3.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async0.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async1.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async2.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/AsyncStockServlet.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/AsyncStockContextListener.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/ExamplesConfig.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/drawboard/DrawMessage.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/drawboard/DrawboardEndpoint.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/drawboard/wsmessages/AbstractWebsocketMessage.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/drawboard/wsmessages/BinaryWebsocketMessage.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/drawboard/wsmessages/StringWebsocketMessage.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/drawboard/wsmessages/CloseWebsocketMessage.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/drawboard/Client.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/drawboard/DrawboardContextListener.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/drawboard/Room.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/SnakeTimer.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Direction.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Snake.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/SnakeAnnotation.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Location.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/chat/ChatAnnotation.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoEndpoint.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoStreamAnnotation.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoAnnotation.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoAsyncAnnotation.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/WEB-INF/classes/ServletToJsp.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/FooBean.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/ShuffleSimpleTag.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/TileSimpleTag.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/HelloWorldSimpleTag.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/EchoAttributesTag.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/ValuesBean.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/ValuesTag.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/Functions.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/FindBookSimpleTag.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/BookBean.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/RepeatSimpleTag.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/Functions.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/HelloWorldSimpleTag.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/ServletToJsp.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/plugin/applet/Clock2.java
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/cal/Entry.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/cal/TableBean.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/cal/Entries.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/examples/jsp/cal/JspCalendar.java.html
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/docs/appdev/sample/src/mypackage/Hello.java
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.sql.rowset.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.xml.crypto.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.net.http.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.datatransfer.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.security.jgss.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.smartcardio.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.base.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.management.rmi.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.instrument.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.scripting.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.se.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.prefs.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.naming.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.xml.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.rmi.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.logging.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.security.sasl.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/jdk.javadoc.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.sql.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.compiler.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.transaction.xa.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.management.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/jmods/java.desktop.jmod
/usr/local/openjdk-16/bin/javac
/usr/local/openjdk-16/bin/javap
/usr/local/openjdk-16/bin/java
/usr/local/openjdk-16/bin/javadoc
/usr/local/openjdk-16/lib/libjavajpeg.so
/usr/local/openjdk-16/lib/libjava.so
/usr/local/openjdk-16/conf/security/java.policy
/usr/local/openjdk-16/conf/security/java.security
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.security.sasl
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.security.jgss
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.sql
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.xml.crypto
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.se
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.instrument
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.xml
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.naming
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.transaction.xa
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.management
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.net.http
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.smartcardio
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.datatransfer
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/jdk.javadoc
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.scripting
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.logging
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.base
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.compiler
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.rmi
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.sql.rowset
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.management.rmi
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.prefs
/usr/local/openjdk-16/legal/java.desktop
find: ‘/proc/1/map_files’: Operation not permitted
find: ‘/proc/46/map_files’: Operation not permitted
find: ‘/proc/52/map_files’: Operation not permitted

tomcat结构。

root@tomcat9:/usr/local/tomcat# find / -iname "*tomcat*"
/usr/local/tomcat
/usr/local/tomcat/conf/tomcat-users.xml
/usr/local/tomcat/conf/tomcat-users.xsd
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-dbcp.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-jni.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-i18n-de.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-i18n-zh-CN.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-i18n-pt-BR.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-i18n-ko.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-i18n-es.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-api.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-jdbc.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-util-scan.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-i18n-ru.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-i18n-fr.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-coyote.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-i18n-cs.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-websocket.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-util.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-i18n-ja.jar
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/ROOT/tomcat.svg
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/ROOT/tomcat.css
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/docs/appdev/sample/web/images/tomcat.gif
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/docs/images/tomcat.gif
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/docs/images/tomcat.png
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/host-manager/images/tomcat.svg
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/manager/images/tomcat.svg
find: ‘/proc/1/map_files’: Operation not permitted
find: ‘/proc/46/map_files’: Operation not permitted
find: ‘/proc/51/map_files’: Operation not permitted

tomcat配置文件。

/usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

tomcat应用跟目录。

/usr/local/tomcat/webapps

默认情况下webapps里面是空的，包括manager之类的默认工具应用都在webapps.dist下面。

root@tomcat9:/usr/local/tomcat# ls /usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/
ROOT  docs  examples  host-manager  manager

使用curl测试一下，看到的是404错误页面。

home/topic/2021/0525/15/df25bb6700c8b25a1a3eb60c2f9575a6.png

将webapps.dist下面的manager放到webapps下面。

mv /usr/local/tomcat/webapps.dist/manager/ /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/

然后重新启动容器。

[root@dev php7.4]# docker stop tomcat9.0
tomcat9.0
[root@dev php7.4]# docker start tomcat9.0
tomcat9.0

再使用curl测试一下，可以看到认证页面了。

home/topic/2021/0525/16/08670b4962fc7d5c7b6ae50ee7be6fab.png

停止临时容器

docker stop tomcat9.0

删除临时容器

docker rm tomcat9.0

Dockerfile

最后福哥把前面的设置命令整理到一起写成Dockerfile，这样大家就可以通过Dockerfile安装环境了。

server.xml

福哥把默认的server.xml配置文件里面的注释都去掉了，没有修改里面默认参数，只是把应用根目录从webapps改成/tongfu.net/web了。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />

  <GlobalNamingResources>
    <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
              type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
              description="User database that can be updated and saved"
              factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
              pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
  </GlobalNamingResources>

  <Service name="Catalina">

    <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />
    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">

      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
        <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
               resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
      </Realm>

      <Host name="localhost"  appBase="/tongfu.net/web"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

      </Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server>

Dockerfile

创建Dockerfile，将server.xml直接覆盖默认配置文件/usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml。

FROM tomcat:9.0-jdk16-openjdk-buster

MAINTAINER Andy Bogate
MAINTAINER tongfu@tongfu.net
MAINTAINER https://tongfu.net/dockerfile
MAINTAINER 2021/5/24
MAINTAINER v1.0.0

EXPOSE 8080

# config
ADD server.xml /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

home/topic/2021/0525/16/0765ea5875ce4d92364b16bfce31c0f2.png

总结

今天福哥带着大家使用Dockerfile搭建了Tomcat微服务环境了，可以发现使用Dockerfile方式搭建环境我们真的只需要关心我们需要关心的部分，繁琐的编译参数、依赖库、环境参数等等一系列的问题基础镜像都给我们解决好了。

下一课，福哥会带着搭建学习使用Dockerfile搭建Nginx+Java环境，敬请期待~~